Iranian handmade carpets are woven in different cities. Naturally, every city has a special way of weaving carpets. And this variety of texture is created differently in carpet knitting. Perzi is said to be tied around the top and bottom of the knot. It is called a knot. The pattern and design of the carpet is created by putting these knots together. Knot also has other names such as: because it has roots, humidity, twist, dirt, ilmeh or ilmak. One of the factors that indicate the quality and durability of the carpet is the knot. In this way, the higher the knot density and the number of knots and the finer the woven, the better the quality and durability of the carpet. Due to the importance of this factor in carpets, we describe the types of knots in Iranian carpets in detail.
Types of knots in Persian carpets
In general, there are two types of knots in Iranian carpet weaving. Persian knot and Turkish knot
Turkish knot
This knot is mostly used in the Turkic regions of Iran, Turkey and Azerbaijan. This type of knot is also called symmetrical knot. One of the characteristics of this type of knot is that it is very strong and makes the carpet durable and strong. When using a Turkish knot, a hook must be used. This is the method of the Turkish knot. Which is created by tying the knot on the bottom. In such a way that the carpet weaver keeps the lint in his left hand and places this lint or cream vertically on the warp and weft, also then the double lint on the back of the warp. He takes it and wraps it around it and grabs Perez again.
As mentioned, hooks are used in Turkish knots. How to use the hook is that the weaver has to pull the warp forward with the help of the hook and pass the lint that is in his left hand through the two warp with the help of the hook. It does the job and pulls their heads down and cuts it with the extra sharp part of the hook.
Types of Turkish knots
1- Premium Turkish knot
2. Prominent Turkish knot or vice versa
3. A lying or standard Turkish knot that is known as normal.
Persian knot
Another knot used by carpet weavers is known as Persian knot. This knot is used in cities such as Arak, Mashhad, Birjand, Kerman, Isfahan, Nain, Kashan and Qom. The Persian node is also called an asymmetric node. In this type of lint knot, one thread is tied around one thread and the other thread is taken out from behind. The Persian knot is also divided into categories:
1- Persian knot from left to right
In this model, the lower knot is tied to the left of the knot, and for this reason it is called asymmetric left. This knot is done by hand, and for this reason, the knot is not very tight.
2. Persian knot right to left
The texture in the right-to-left knot is such that the lower knot is located on the right side of the knot and is naturally called the right knot. This knot is less used. This type of knot is also done by hand.
Differences between Persian and Turkish nodes
These two types of nodes each have their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, so we can not say which type of node is better than the other. Below we examine some differences between Persian and Turkish nodes.
1- The carpet that is woven with Turkish knot has less thickness.
2- Persian knot is done by hand and Turkish knot is done with hook.
3- It can be stated that naturally in both Turkish and Persian knots, yarns such as: fluff, eyes, and abrashak are used. The difference is that yarn is used more in Turkish knots.
4- According to some people, carpets that are woven with Turkish knots have stronger and more durable roots due to the type of knitting.
Other types of knots in carpet weaving
In addition to the main nodes mentioned above, there are other nodes that are called fraudulent. In this model, the knots are practically not knotted and it makes the carpet very poor in quality and durability, and it is recommended not to use this type of knots, but in this article, we will refer to them.
1. Fake knot
This type of node is divided into the following 3 categories:
- Weaving or U-shaped knot
- Bow knot
- Pair knitting
1-1- Knot U-shaped: As its name implies, it is similar to the English letter U. This knot is such that the thread is twisted and passed through the back of the thread, the hook is passed through the thread in a U-shape. The thread is then taken and pulled out.
2-1- Bow tie knot: In this method, the thread is tied around the warp and the knot is not tied and is placed on the ridge.
3-1- Paired knot: This knot is not wrapped around the warp, but it is placed around 4 to 6 strings and is fastened on the ridge.
2. Art knot
In the following description and description of the types of knots, it should be mentioned that there is another type of knot that is mostly used for decorative carpets, which can be referred to as carpets. There are different types of art knots, which we describe below.
1-2- Two-color art knot: This knot model is such that several colors are used to tie it. In this model, the knot is bent according to the color of the string color and after opening the warp thread, the opposite color is passed through it. In this model, the colored knots are placed in their place. It is also tied in such a way that the design is clear.
2-2- Twist or single thread art knot: In this type of knot, a hook is used. The method of knitting in a single-thread knot is that the weaver first takes a thread and passes the lint behind it and returns it from the work, and then passes it between two threads using a hook and takes it down.
3-2- Pendant art knot: It is a knot that is used for weaving in coarse weaving angels. It is also used for image and face texture.
4-2- Borrowed artistic knot: A borrowed knot is a knot in which, first, lint or cream is passed through one of the strands, and after taking two strands, it is passed through the lower and upper strands.
5-2- Recessed art knot: The recessed knot is similar to the borrowed knot. But there is a difference between them. In this type of knot, the selected color should be in contrast with the color next to it. The recessed node is famous.
6-2- Spanish art knotThis knot is widely used in Spain. The knot is very simple and comfortable. 1 and a half turns of the warp are turned around the carpet and brought down. Among Iranian carpets and rugs, this knot model is used for embossed floral texture.
7-2- Double artistic knot: This knot makes the carpet appear denser and more prolific because it uses twice as much yarn for knitting.
8-2- Single blur art knot: A single blur knot is a knot that is tied only on one thread. This type of knot is used in side rugs and pictures, because it is suitable for face lines.
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